about Turkish language

Turkish is the official language in Turkey with a population of over 72 million and also in the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Turkish is spoken by small groups of ethnic Turks in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania and some other regions of Eastern Europe. Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Switzerland and France also have large Turkish immigrant communities, the most populous Turkish community being in Germany. In Azerbaijan and in some ex-Soviet republics Turkish is spoken too.

Turkish had many linguistic influences from neighbouring countries as well as from European languages throughout its history. 

Ottoman Turkish experienced a great influx of Persian and Arabic words. There are also many loanwords of French origin in the Turkish language. Most words for fashion, many medical, political and ideological terms and most financial words are imported from French or pronounced the French way, eg. 

   enflasyon = inflation, 

   döviz = currency, 

   finansman =  financing, 

   resesyon =  recession, 

   kriz = crisis, 

   bono = bond, 

There also many Greek words in Turkish.

English brought mainly words related to new technologies, such as

   çekup = check up, 

   kampüs = campus, 

   dizayn =  design, 

   kokpit =  cockpit, 

   reyting =  rating,

   brifing = briefing,

   site, data, hacker, mortgage, shop, fast food, star, miting, meeting.

Several Turkish words made it into English as well, such as 

   divan, 

kiosk from    köşk, open pavillon, 

agha or aga, from    ağa, chief, 

kayak,    kayık, and food words such as 

   baklava, 

doner kebab,    döner kebap, 

shish kebab,    şiş kebap, and 

yogurt,    yoğurt.

hard words in turkish Language

su şişesi = water bottle

karşılama (n) = greeting

yayla (n) = plateau

memnun (adj) = satisfied  / Adam memnun = The man is satisfied

şemsiye (n) = umbrella  /  Bu benim şemsiyem = That's my umbrella.

eczane (n) = pharmacy /  Eczacı eczanede çalışıyor = The pharmacist is working at the pharmacy

Japonya (n) = Japan   /  Japonya Başbakanı =Prime Minister of Japan

meşgul (adj) = busy  /  

Her zaman seni aradığımda meşgul sinyali alıyorum = Every time I call you I get a busy signal.

şoför (n) = driver  /  Otobüs şöförü = bus driver

elektrik (n) = electricity / Haydi düğmeleri kapatarak elektrik tasarrufu yapalım = Let's save electricity by turning off the power.

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Turkish is understood in many countries of Central Asia and is a member of the Turkish or Western subgroup of the Oghuz languages, which includes Gagauz and Azeri. The Oghuz languages form the Southwestern subgroup of the Turkic languages, a language family comprising some 30 living languages spoken across Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and Siberia. Some linguists believe Turkic languages are part of a larger Altaic language family that also include Mongolic, Tungusic, Korean and Japonic.

There are some words which look identical but actually sound quite different so you have to guess the correct pronunciation from the context.

Hâlâ means still or yet and hala means aunt (father’s sister– there are two words for aunts in Turkish, as there are two different uncles, maternal and paternal.)

Kar means snow while kâr means profit.
Suffixes to the same word can make it more complicated.
Karın can mean of the snow or stomach or even your wife!

If you are a keen organic food consumer and want to make sure that there are no added preservatives in canned or jarred food, be careful not use the usual exportation of the word.
Prezervatif means condom in Turkish (a French import) and for additives you must use the word katkı maddesi.